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Test Setup
For our tests, we’re employing the Dell R760.
Specifications:
- Intel Xeon Sapphire Rapids 6430
- 256GB DDR5
- 8 x 7.68TB Solidigm P5520 in RAID5 on Dell PERC12
(Note: The server used for the original tests was upgraded to accommodate the new Emerald Rapids processors. As a result, the original results cannot be directly compared with the new results. Therefore, all tests were rerun to ensure consistency and accuracy.)
These new tests will be run on the Dell R760 with Direct Liquid Cooling.
Specifications:
- Intel Xeon Emerald Rapids 8580
- 256GB DDR5
- 8 x 7.68TB Solidigm P5520 in RAID5 on Dell PERC12
Test Results
Let’s dive deeper into the individual test results.
The Linux Kernel Compile test, which is CPU-intensive and measures the time taken to compile the Linux kernel, showed that ESXi and Hyper-V performed exceptionally well, achieving 96.79% and 96.70% of bare metal performance, respectively. KVM on RHEL achieved 66.61%, while stock Proxmox lagged with 63.28%. However, Optimized Proxmox scored a respectable 89.71% of bare metal performance.
In the Apache benchmark, which evaluates the performance of the Apache web server under high concurrent connections and requests, ESXi and Hyper-V demonstrated impressive results, with 113.64% and 129.62% of bare metal performance, respectively. KVM on RHEL achieved 85.72%, stock Proxmox scored 75.90%, and Optimized Proxmox scored 75.31%. Notably, ESXi and Hyper-V exceeded bare metal performance, likely due to hardware accelerators in newer chips, suggesting these hypervisors can utilize these accelerators without manual configuration and tuning.
The OpenSSL test, which measures the cryptographic performance of the CPU, showed that ESXi, Hyper-V, and KVM on RHEL performed remarkably well, with 101.35%, 101.27%, and 101.15% of bare metal performance, respectively. Stock Proxmox struggled with only 5.33%, whereas Optimized Proxmox scored 98.91%.
In the 7-Zip compression test, which evaluates the compression and decompression performance, ESXi and Hyper-V demonstrated strong performance, with 95.98% and 97.56% of bare metal performance, respectively. KVM on RHEL, stock Proxmox, and Optimized Proxmox all came close at 85.81%, 87.17%, and 87.43%, respectively.
The FIO test, which measures the performance of the storage subsystem with 4k block size random read and write, showed that ESXi achieved 57.41% for random read and 55.27% for random write, while Hyper-V scored 72.95% for random read and 85.71% for random write. KVM on RHEL achieved 74.60% for random read and 85.37% for random write. Stock Proxmox came in at 54.71% for random read and 44.71% for random write, while Optimized Proxmox performed the best in this test with 98.57% for random read and 91.49% for random write.
The SQLite test, which measures the performance of the SQLite database, showed that ESXi demonstrated 96.44% of bare metal performance. Hyper-V scored 55.94%, while KVM on RHEL achieved 62.52%. Interestingly, stock Proxmox came in at 85.27%, scoring better than Optimized Proxmox, which came in at 68.86%. The exact cause is not entirely apparent, but the tests were run twice on fresh installs of the hypervisor and VM to ensure repeatability.
The Stream benchmark, which evaluates memory bandwidth performance, showed that ESXi and Hyper-V demonstrated strong performance, with 98.30% and 99.01% of bare metal performance, respectively. KVM on RHEL, stock Proxmox, and Optimized Proxmox scored close to each other at 74.60%, 76.24%, and 71.04%, respectively.
Overall, Hyper-V emerged as the top performer, averaging 92% of bare metal performance. ESXi was slightly behind with an average performance of 89%, Optimized Proxmox was a close third at 85%, KVM on RHEL came in fourth at 79%, and stock Proxmox trailed behind at 61%.
In a more realistic VM resource allocation scenario, the numbers were normalized to the best performer in each category. For the Linux Kernel Compile benchmark, ESXi scored the best, with KVM on RHEL coming in second with 97.90% and Optimized Proxmox at a close third with 97.88%. Stock Proxmox came in fourth with 88.90%, and Hyper-V lagged with 66.05%.
For the Apache benchmark, ESXi once again scored the best, with KVM on RHEL coming in second with 76.25% and Hyper-V coming in at a close third with 76.14%. Optimized Proxmox was also very close with 75.36%, while stock Proxmox came in last with 61.11%.
In the OpenSSL benchmark, ESXi maintained its position by scoring the best, with KVM on RHEL coming in second with 96.25%, Optimized Proxmox coming in third with 94.48%, Hyper-V only getting 48.96%, and stock Proxmox finishing last with 3.42%.
For the 7-Zip compression test, ESXi continued to score the best, with KVM on RHEL, Optimized Proxmox and stock Proxmox coming in very close at 96.84%, 96.59%, and 95.40%, respectively, while Hyper-V still lagged behind with 64.48%.
In the FIO test, ESXi scored the best in both random read and random write. For random read, Optimized Proxmox came in second with 86.81%, Hyper-V came third with 71.02%, KVM on RHEL fourth with 68.44%, and stock Proxmox last with 45.05%. The random write test told a similar story, with Hyper-V coming in second with 73.43%, KVM on RHEL third with 70.92%, Optimized Proxmox fourth with 59.91%, and stock Proxmox coming in last with 38.79%.
The SQLite test was more interesting, with ESXi still scoring the best, stock Proxmox coming in second, and KVM on RHEL, Hyper-V, and Optimized Proxmox coming last at 49.23%, 43.06%, and 42.61%, respectively.
In the Stream test, Optimized Proxmox scored the best, with stock Proxmox second at 83.56%, KVM on RHEL third with 82.47%, ESXi fourth with 71.21%, and Hyper-V last with 63.02%.
Conclusion
Sandy Yang/Global Strategy Director
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